INTRODUCTION

 

An adequate unit medical record shall be maintained for every individual who is evaluated or treated as an inpatient, outpatient, or emergency patient at the University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas.

 

The purposes of the medical records are:

 

1.                  To serve as a basis for planning patient care and for continuity of care;

2.                  to furnish documentary evidence of the course of the patient’s medical evaluation, treatment and change in condition during the hospital stay or during an outpatient or emergency visit;

3.                  to document communication between the responsible practitioner and any other health professional contributing to the patient’s care;

4.                  to assist in protecting the legal interest of the patient, the hospital and the responsible practitioner;

5.                  to provide data for use in continuing education and research; and

6.                  to submit accurate diagnostic and procedural information for billing purposes.

 

Documentation may be completed in the satellite Medical Record Technician (MRT) areas for Newborn, OB/Gyn, and Pediatric services (below).  Records will remain in the Newborn and Pediatric MRT areas for 4 days after discharge and in the OB/Gyn MRT area 9 days after discharge.  Records may not be removed from these areas unless checked out by Health Information Management personnel.  From the MRT areas records are sent to the Record Processing (RP) area in the Health Information Management Department and remain there until complete.  RP is open from 8:00 a.m. – 8:00 p.m. on weekdays and closed on weekends.  Records may not be removed from this area unless checked out by Health Information Management personnel for completion by a faculty physician or for direct patient care.

 

A faculty physician may request to have incomplete medical records available for completion in his/her office between 9:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m., Tuesday through Friday.  Call ext. 29266 to arrange this service.

 

MEDICAL RECORD TECHNICIAN AREAS

 

SERVICE

MRT

LOCATION

EXTENSION

 

NB Nursery/ISCU

Melinda Garland

Pavilion 6.10 4C

20760, 22815

OB/GYN

Catherine Veniegas

3.230 McCullough

23337

Pediatrics

Warlita Dondonay

C 305 CHC

23463

MRT Team Leader

Marianna Young

Almeda Simpson

CSB #349

29267

 

 

 

MEDICAL RECORD COMPLETION REQUIREMENTS & RECOMMENDATIONS

 

1.                  History and Physical-requires completion within 24 hours of admission.

2.                  Operative Reports-requires completion immediately after surgery.

3.                  Discharge Summary-recommend completion day of discharge.

4.                  Discharge Progress Note/Final Discharge Note-recommend completion day of discharge.

5.                  Telephone Orders-requires signature within 48 hours of being given.

6.                  Residents-it is recommended that all records be completed within 14 days following discharge.

7.                  Record completion by residents and faculty is required within a period of time that in no event exceeds 30 days following discharge.

 

Additional Completion Items:

 

1)      Newborn records require a handwritten Newborn Discharge Summary:

a)      Completed by resident.  Faculty signature required.

 

2)      OB/GYN records require:

a)      FINAL DISCHARGE NOTE:

·        Signature of discharging residents and faculty physician

b)      CONSENT FOR STERILIZATION

·        Signature of operating resident and faculty physician

c)      LABOR AND DELIVERY RECORD:

·        Delivery Note Portion:

(1)   Signature of delivery faculty physician and a level of care note.

·        Admitting Faculty Note:

(1)   Signature and note by admitting faculty (same physician who signs the Physicians Order Sheet).

·        Maternal Discharge Portion:

(1)   Signature of discharging faculty physician and a discharge note in addition to the resident's documentation and signature.

d)      PHYSICIAN'S ORDER SHEET

·        One signature by discharging faculty physician on call

·        One signature by admitting faculty physician

·        Delivered or Undelivered

(1)   Final Order only faculty signature

·        GYN

(1)   Final Order only faculty signature

e)      OPERATIVE REPORTS

·        Signature by faculty on ORIGINAL COPY

 

Note:  If a certified nurse-midwife (CNM) is responsible for the delivery and discharge of a patient, the faculty M.D. on call must countersign the admit note, admit orders, discharge note and discharge orders.

 

 

The OB/GYN Department employs the use of the ClinWeb electronic medical record (EMR).  The EMR is used by the Regional Maternal & Child Health Program and the labor and delivery area at UTMB.

 

GUIDELINES FOR COMPLETION OF RECORDS PRIOR TO VACATION, EXTENDED LEAVE, OR PERMANENT LEAVE

 

1.                  Complete all record work at the nursing stations.

2.                  Complete all record work in Satellite MRT area, if appropriate.

3.                  Report to Record Processing and complete all available records.

4.                  Return all records in your possession to the Health Information Management Department.

5.                  Faculty members notify residents to complete all record work one week prior to your departure to facilitate your record completion work.

6.                  Physicians permanently leaving UTMB, must obtain a UTMB Clearance & Release Form and have it signed by Record Processing personnel.

 

The medical record shall contain sufficient information to identify the patient, to support the diagnosis, to justify the treatment and to document the results accurately.  The following must be included:

 

1.                  Identification data including patient’s name, address, date of birth, name of legally authorized representative and number identifying patient and his medical record (unit history number);

2.                  any emergency care provided to patients prior to arrival;

3.                   medical history of patient;

4.                  the record and findings of the patient’s assessment;

5.                  a statement on the conclusions or impressions drawn from the medical history and physical exam;

6.                  diagnosis or diagnostic impression;

7.                  the reason(s) for admission and treatment;

8.                  diagnostic and therapeutic orders;

9.                  evidence of appropriate informed consent; when consent is not obtainable the reason shall be entered into the record;

10.              goal of treatment and treatment plan

11.              clinical observations including results of therapy;

12.              all operative and other invasive procedures using acceptable disease and operative nomenclature that includes etiology;

13.              reports of procedures, tests, and the results;

14.              progress notes made by medical staff and other authorized individuals;

15.              legal status for patients receiving mental health services;

16.              all reassessments and revisions of the treatment plan;

17.              response to care provided;

18.              consultation reports;

19.              every medication ordered or prescribed for an inpatient;

20.              every dose of medication administered and any adverse reactions;

21.              each medication dispensed to or prescribed for ambulatory patient or inpatient on discharge;

22.              conclusions at termination of hospitalization or evaluation/treatment;

23.              all relevant diagnoses established during the course of care, and pre-existing conditions that impact current care;

24.              any referrals or communications made to external or internal care providers and to community agencies;

25.              evidence of known advanced directives

26.              discharge instructions to the patient and family; and

27.              a discharge summary, a final progress note/discharge note or transfer summary.

 

Additional Documentation Guidelines

 

1.                  When writing admit orders, include the names of the attending and resident physicians.

 

2.                  Use the consult form when answering a request for consultation.

 

3.                  If you are a resident discharging a patient for another resident, document in the discharge order the name of the resident for whom you are discharging the patient.  The dictation can then be assigned correctly.

 

4.         The diagnostic statement should be accurate, complete, specific, and descriptive of the patient’s condition.  Be sure to indicate the following in all diagnostic statements, especially the principal diagnosis:

 

-acute vs. chronic

-type of condition (congenital, acquired, late effect, etc.)

-size (be very specific, especially with injury and neoplasm)

-size of laceration or lesions removed

-any cause and relationship between diagnostic statement

-current condition vs. history of vs. status post vs. late effect

-full description, use modifiers to accurately define

 

Current conditions and complications affecting the current hospital admission must be listed on the Final Discharge Note (for Internal Medicine the Discharge Progress Note is completed in lieu of the Final Discharge Note).  Only significant past diagnoses/ procedures need to be listed. 

 

5.         Newborns/Obstetrics:

 

State statute defines “Live Birth” and “Fetal Death” as follows:

 

A “Live Birth” is a product of conception, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy, which, {after birth} breaths or shows any other evidence of life such as beating of the heart, pulsation of the umbilical cord or definite movement of voluntary muscles, whether or not the umbilical cord has been cut or the placenta is attached; each product of such a birth is considered live born.

 

To comply with Texas Statute, any “live birth”, regardless of birth weight or duration of gestation, is to be admitted to the ISCU.  This includes the preparation of a completed medical record and the assignment of a unit history number.

 

A “Fetal Death” or stillborn is defined as, regardless of the duration of pregnancy {after birth} the fetus does not breathe or show any other evidence of life such as a heart beat, umbilical cord pulsation, or definite movement of voluntary muscles.

 

Newborns born in this facility must have the principal diagnosis of “Liveborn Infant” (include maturation, term premature).  Newborns en route to the hospital and then admitted must have the principal diagnosis of “Newborn Infant/Born en route to Hospital”, or something similar indicating the baby was born prior to admission.  Newborns born at another facility and transferred here must have as the principal diagnosis, the reason or condition of the newborn causing transfer and not a “newborn” diagnosis (i.e., congenital heart defect, neonatal jaundice, apnea).

 

Abortion is defined as the expulsion or extortion of all or part of the placenta or membrane, with or without an identifiable fetus weighing less than 500 grams.  When the weight of a nonviable fetus cannot be determined, an estimated gestation of less than 22 completed weeks is considered an abortion.

 

6.         Late Effects:

 

Late effects are defined as the sequelae or residual effects of a diagnostic condition or injury that occurred after the original diagnosis or injury has completed its actual stage.  A late effect may manifest itself immediately after the acute state or long after the acute stage has ended.  Both the residual and cause must be stated diagnostically, sequencing the residual first and the cause second.

 

7.         Surgical/Medical Complications:

 

All complications of medical care, even if minor, readily treated, or resolved, must be stated on the Final Discharge Note.  Complications can be principal diagnoses if they were the reason for admission.

 

Complications of medical care include:

-Post-op conditions, i.e. atelectasis, hematoma, hemorrhage, dehiscence of wound, infection, organ failure, or insufficiency.

-Mechanical complications which may include malfunction of devices, grafts, or implant.

            -Adverse reactions to drugs, medicines, procedures, contrast material.

 

 

 

 

 

 

8.         Procedures:

 

All therapeutic procedures and pertinent diagnostic procedures should be written on the Final Discharge Note.  Be sure to write full name of the procedures, avoiding abbreviations on this form.  (For Internal Medicine the Discharge Progress Note is completed in lieu of the Final Discharge Note).

 

-           Biopsy done via endoscopy should state both the biopsy and endoscopy.  This also applies to surgeries performed endoscopically (arthroscopic menisectomy, etc.).

-           All intra-operative radiology procedures must be listed.

-           List intubations and ventilatory support done for reasons other than O.R. procedures under general anesthesia.

-           List all auxiliary O.R. procedures, i.e., cardioplegia, extra corporeal circulation, endoscopy (diagnostic or surgical), grafts (all types, harvest and recipient sites), prosthetic devices.  Operative approach and closure need not be listed unless the approach and/or closure was unusual.

-           Be sure all procedures are fully defined, i.e., endoscopic surgery-what type of surgery, site of endoscopy; repair of defect-what kind of defect was repaired and how, by simple suture, graft, excision with anastomoses or other, dimension of lesions removed-size of lacerations repaired.

 

FORMS                                                                                      

Approval of Forms: Contact the UTMB Forms Management Officer, for assistance when designing a medical record form and for information regarding the approval process.  For additional information regarding Medical Records Forms Management, please refer to the Institutional Handbook of Operative Procedures, Policy #9.2.8.  All reports originating in this hospital which comprise the medical record of a patient will be original documents.  If a copy has been approved for inclusion in the record, it must be clearly marked as an ‘Original’.  Any exceptions must be approved by the Health Information Committee.

 

FINAL DISCHARGE NOTE (FORM 5346)

The Final Discharge Note/Discharging Progress Note should be completed at the time of discharge by the physician.  It should be signed (full signature) and dated by the resident and/or attending physician.  Abbreviations should not be used on this form.  The following must be recorded on the form:

 

Principal Diagnosis: The condition which, after study, occasioned admission to the hospital.

 

Complications (if present): The conditions which developed after admission that may have extended the length of stay and required use of additional resources, e.g., infections of any type including urinary tract, septicemia, or complications of medical or surgical treatment.

 

Comorbidities (if existing): The conditions that were present prior to admission that could extend the length of stay or require additional resources, e.g. anemia, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, heart or pulmonary conditions.

 

Principal Procedure: The definite/therapeutic procedure most closely related to the principal diagnosis.

 

All other diagnoses and procedures must be listed on the Final Discharge Note and must correspond with the results of any tests performed as listed on the Operative Report and the Discharge Summary (if required).

 

The discharge plan must be documented, and the availability of appropriate services to meet the patient’s needs after hospitalization must be addressed.

 

Any revisions to diagnoses or procedures on the Final Discharge Note must be initialed and dated by the attending physician.  (See attached example of form in the back of this section).

 

INFORMED CONSENT

The medical record shall contain evidence of the patient’s informed consent prior to any procedure or treatment for which it is appropriate.   Consent is required for certain procedures established by the Texas Medical Disclosure Panel.  Only authorized UTMB consent forms should be used.

 

Patients and, when appropriate, patients' families, receive from their physician information necessary to give informed consent prior to the start of any procedure and/or treatment. 

 

Each patient’s need for translation of consent forms will be addressed by the health care practitioner, who may be assisted by on-site language-assistance personnel or language-assistance through the telephone.  Documentation of translation, name of translator, date and time is recommended. Detailed procedures regarding informed consent are available in policies 9.3.16 through 9.3.22.

 

ADVANCE DIRECTIVES

In compliance with State and Federal statutes, particularly the Patient Self Determination Act, all adult inpatients and others as appropriate, are given a brochure titled, “Your Rights as a Patient, Making Critical Health Care Decisions” and are asked by a health care practitioner about the existence of Advance Directives.  Related forms are available on the inpatient units for patient use if desired.  Documentation of existing Directives is made on the Interdisciplinary Admission Assessment, form #5090.

 

Advance Directives are retained on the current volume of the medical record and are filed behind the divider labeled “Consents/Directives.” 

 

HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION REPORT (Form 2005)

A complete history and physical examination shall, in all cases, be written and placed in the record within twenty-four (24) hours after admission of the patient.  If a complete history and physical has been obtained within thirty (30) days prior to admission in a physician staff member's office or in a private or staff clinic, a durable legible copy of this report may be used in the patient's hospital medical record, provided there have been no subsequent changes or if there were changes, the changes have been recorded at the time of admission. 

 

Obstetrical records shall indicate prenatal information.  A durable, legible original or reproduction of the office or clinical prenatal record is acceptable.

 

 

Patients transferred to and from the psychiatric service must be discharged and readmitted since the psychiatry and rehabilitation units are exempt under the Prospective Payment System (PPS).  Physicians can refer to the History and Physical exam completed on the service prior to transferring patients.  However, any changes in clinical findings should be documented by the receiving service.

 

This history and physical examination includes at a minimum the patient’s chief complaint, present illness/injury, review of systems, past history, family history and physical examination.  The patient’s biophysical, psychosocial, cultural, spiritual, developmental, educational, functional, nutritional, and pain/comfort needs will be addressed as appropriate.  The physician H&P will be filed in the H&P section of the medical record.

 

The format for history and physical is as follows:

 

1.         Patient’s Name

2.         Unit History Number

3.         Date

4.         Attending Physician

5.         Chief Complaint

6.         Present Illness

7.         Past Medical History

8.         Family History

9.         Social History

10.       Review of Systems

a.         General

b.         Skin

c.         HEENT

- Head             - Nose

- Eyes              - Throat

- Ears

d.         Respiratory System

e.         Cardiovascular

f.          Gastrointestinal

g.         Genitourinary

h.         Musculoskeletal

i.          Neurological

 

11.       Physical Examination

a.         General

b.         Vital Signs

- Blood Pressure          - Pulse

- Temperature              - Respiratory Rate

c.         HEENT

d.         Neck

e.         Node Survey

f.          Breasts

g.         Chest

h.         Lungs

i.          Abdomen

j.          Musculoskeletal

k.         Extremities

l.          Pelvic/Genital

m.        Rectal

n.         Neurological

o.         Height

p.         Weight

12.       Diagnosis or Diagnostic Impression

13.       Plan for Diagnosis and Treatment

14.       A statement on the conclusion or impression drawn from the medical history and physical exam

15.       Goals of treatment and treatment plan

16.       Physician’s name

 

The attending faculty physician or resident physician must sign the History and Physical Examination.

 

Refer to IHOP 9.13.9 and 9.13.8 for more information.

 

INPATIENT PROGRESS NOTE (Form 5300)

 

Inpatient progress notes shall be written to provide a chronological record of the patient’s progress and should reflect any change in condition and the results of treatment, including reactions to medications, procedures, or operations.  Notes should be timely, legible, relevant, and sufficiently detailed to permit and justify continuity of care.  Progress notes on procedures / operations should also include doctor number after the signature.  All notes must be timed, dated and signed.  A countersignature may be required by the resident and/or staff physician. 

 

A progress note should be written by a physician everyday and more often on critical patients.  

 

The inpatient progress note form is used by physicians as well as allied health areas including Pulmonary Care Service, Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Dietary, Social Work, etc.  This provides an integrated progress note.   Individual departments may decide to utilize a specialized progress note form.

 

Necessity for Admission

Physicians have a critical role in assuring that the hospital is paid for all of the care rendered.  It is you who create the record, and it is the record alone which will determine whether or not the hospital is paid.  Necessity for admission and elements of quality care are two important areas to consider when documenting in the record.  Always explicitly answer this question in your admission note: Why must this patient be admitted?  The key word is must.

Elements of Quality Care

Often the record fails to document the essential elements of good care, even though good care was rendered.

 

Examples:

 

1.                  Lack of preoperative evaluations.

2.                  Change in patient status reflected through observation.

3.                  Lack of documented pre-discharge training and/or planning.

4.                  Acknowledgement of abnormal findings on diagnostic testing in physician notes.

5.                  Lack of documentation of pending test results at the time of discharge with specific statements about communication of these results to the patients.

 

An admit note is required and should contain sufficient information to guide the health care team in caring for the patient until the complete history and physical examination is recorded.  It must contain the admitting and provisional diagnosis. 

 

Significant clinical laboratory and roentgenographic findings or results of any special examination should be recorded.   Any diagnostic implications, change in treatment based on labs/radiology findings should also be recorded.

 

Prior to giving anesthesia, a note must be written describing the preanesthetic physical examination by the anesthesiologist or attending physician.  A complete detailed note on all specific procedures such as spinal punctures, thoracenteses, biopsies, etc. shall be written immediately after the procedure is completed.

 

An operative note should be written immediately following surgical procedures describing findings at surgery, post-operative diagnosis, complications/additional findings and conditions of the patient following surgery.

 

Progress notes describing the post-operative course of the patient should describe anything significant in the post-operative course of the particular case.  Hospital infections and unusual occurrences should be recorded.  The factual information, action taken and treatment given should be recorded in the progress notes.

 

An “on-service” and “off-service” summary progress note will be written by the resident on each patient at the time of interdepartmental transfer of the physician and the patient.  This note must be written in sufficient detail to provide effective continuity of care to the patient, to determine at a later date what the patient’s condition was at that specific time, and to review the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures performed and the patient’s response to the treatment.

 

Death Note: In case of death, a death note must be written in the record at the time of death and should include the exact date and time of death and the following:

 

1.                  Clinical assessment of the immediate and underlying cause of death;

2.                  the major problem list along with the clinical assessment of each problem;

3.                  itemization of any suspected or proven contagious infections, diseases, and/or radioisotopes which might prove hazardous to personnel prosecting and embalming the body;

4.                  information concerning permission for autopsy; and

5.                  request for any special procedures or cultures to be done at the time of autopsy.

 

Transfusion:  The rationale for ordering of transfusions is to be documented in the progress notes.  The pertinent pre- and post-transfusion laboratory values and whether any complications occurred should also be documented.  If a transfusion reaction has occurred, document the nature of the reaction, the evaluation, and the outcome of the treatment.

 

Do Not Resuscitate/Withdrawal of Life Support Orders:

UTMB will comply with all federal and state requirements regarding Advance Directives, defined in state law as the Directive to Physicians (Living Will), Medical Power of Attorney, or Out-of-Hospital DNR Order.  Competent adult patients seeking to communicate their desires to withhold or withdraw life support may do so orally or by using the written forms.  In order to assist patients, UTMB staff provides the necessary forms to patients who wish to execute a written directive.  Refer to IHOP 9.15.5 through 9.15.8 for more information.

 

Certification of Terminal or Irreversible Condition

1.         The attending physician must diagnose and certify in writing in the medical record that

the patient has a terminal or irreversible condition, this is determining that the patient is qualified patient.

2.                  The attending physician shall personally examine the patient and enter a dated and timed statement of the patient’s medical condition in the progress notes of the medical record including but not limited to:

§         the patient’s diagnosis and prognosis;

§         diagnostic procedures confirming the diagnosis and prognosis;

§         a statement that the patient has a terminal or irreversible condition, as defined in Policy 9.15.5;

§         current physical examination;

§         brief summary of the treatment and date and results;

§         statement of treatment alternatives; and

§         description of current life-sustaining treatment being utilized.

3.         If the attending physician is not available from 5 p.m. to 8 a.m., a telephone certification of condition may be given.  Faculty shall countersign the progress notes the next day.  Refer to IHOP 9.15.6 for more information.

 

Documentation of Decision

The patient's physician must obtain documentation of the treatment decision to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining procedures as defined in policy 9.15.6.

Physician's progress notes shall list the person(s) who have authorized the withholding or withdrawing of life sustaining procedures and, if other than the patient, a statement that the patient is incompetent, comatose, or otherwise mentally or physically incapable of providing consent.

 

Confirmation

The patient's physician shall confirm that the treatment decision proposed is consistent with the preferences of the patient.  Such verification should be documented in the medical record.

 

Orders

To implement an oral or written directive or Directive to Physician or Out-of-Hospital DNR Order, a physician will write an appropriate order.

 

1.         Do Not Resuscitate Orders should be signed by the attending physician (faculty or resident) and should state that resuscitative measures are not be carried out in the event that the patient arrests.  The Levels of Treatment form may be used to write a DNR Order.

2.         Withdrawal of Life Support Orders should be signed by the attending physician (faculty or resident) and should state precisely which measures are to be discontinued.

3.         The date and time of termination of life support must be documented in the patient's medical records.

4.         An Out-of-Hospital DNR Order must be documented by the use of a standard form specified by the Texas Board of Health.  (See Policy 9.15.8, Out-of-Hospital Do Not Resuscitate Orders).

 

Revocation of Directive

Upon receiving notice of revocation the attending physician or a designee should record in the patient's medical record the time and date when the attending physician received notice and should enter the word "VOID" on each page of the copy of the Directive in the patient's medical record.  Any written revocation should also be put in the patient's chart.

 

For additional information about resuscitation and life support documentation, refer to the policies 9.15.5, 9.15.6, 9.15.7 and 9.15.8.

 

PHYSICIAN'S ORDERS (Form 5350)

When entering orders using the Physician Order Entry (POE) system, physicians shall be required to enter them into the POE system or find another physician to enter for them.  While all orders should be entered into POE or written, emergency situations do arise which require the physician to issue an order verbally or by telephone so that patient treatment can begin.

 

Standing orders are not used by UTMB, and shall not be recognized by UTMB.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Written/Electronic Orders

1.         All orders for treatment written on the Physician's Order Sheet or entered into the Physician Order Entry system (POE) must be signed by a licensed physician or dentist.

2.         Orders by non-licensed personnel (e.g., medical students) shall not be recognized until countersigned by a licensed physician or dentist.

3.         All orders shall include the month, day, year, and time of day the orders are written.  Military time is used.

1.                  The medication dose shall be expressed in metric (not apothecary) units of weight (g, mg, mcg) if possible.

5.         Medication orders shall include the name of the medication, the dose (expressed in metric), the route, and the frequency.  Generic terminology should be used.

6.         For medication doses, a decimal and a zero should not be placed after a whole number ("2mg" is correct; "2.0mg" is not correct).  Just the opposite is true for numbers less than one: Always place a zero before a naked decimal ("0.5 ml" is correct, ".5 ml" is incorrect).

7.         Only symbols and abbreviations that have been approved by the Medical Staff Executive Committee shall be used (see attached).  Medications should be written as listed in the formulary.

8.         The Medical Staff Executive Committee has mandated that all orders for antimicrobials be written on the Physician's Antimicrobial Order Sheet to include indication for use and anticipated duration of therapy. 

9.         All patients who are to be transferred within the UTMB hospitals must have new orders approved by the receiving physician or designee.  All patients who are transferred from one physician team to a different physician team must have orders approved by the physician team even when a room transfer is not involved.

10.       When a time-limited order has expired, a new order must be issued.

11.       The physician shall indicate the patient's diagnosis and allergies on all admission and transfer orders.

12.       All orders by physician assistants and advance practice nurses (nurse midwives, nurse anesthetists, and nurse practitioners) may be accepted if they are based on written protocols which specify the criteria for therapeutic, diagnostic, or medication orders.

 

Verbal and Telephone Orders

1.         Verbal and telephone orders can only be given by a physician.

2.         The healthcare worker receiving the order identifies the order as a verbal or telephone order and the name of the physician who issued it.

3.         Verbal orders for admissions must be transcribed within 60 minutes of receipt.

4.         All verbal and telephone orders must be signed, dated and timed by the physician within 48 hours.  In the absence of the ordering physician, the inpatient attending physician or another physician on the same service may sign the order.

2.                  Verbal and telephone orders may not be given for:

§          Cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents

§          Biological response modifiers

§          Do Not Resuscitate Orders

§          Investigational drugs

 

Transcription of Written Orders

Licensed nurses are responsible for the correct transcription of all physician orders onto the appropriate form.  All transcriptions must be signed by the person transcribing, using the standard signature, date, and time.

 

The licensed nurse or pharmacist shall verify the drugs and dosages based on recommended references.

 

After verification of the order, the licensed nurse shall indicate that the transcription is accurate and complete by placing his/her signature along with the date and time below the physician's signature.  A horizontal signature line shall be drawn across the page below the order and the physician's signature in such a manner as to prevent any additional orders from being inserted.

 

See policies 9.11.5 and 9.13.7, for additional information.

 

CONSULTATION REPORT (FORM 5400)

Consultation requests should be directed to a specific physician or service in general.  The request and the report shall be written on the designated form and shall become a permanent part of the medical record.  Consultation requests may also be directed to allied health professionals including, but not limited to Physical Therapy, Pulmonary Care Service, Nutrition, Speech Therapy, Therapeutic Recreation, Music Therapy, and Social Work.

A request for consultation signed by the physician requesting the consultation shall include a brief statement of information regarding the patient including:

 

1.         diagnosis;

2.         special conditions affecting the report of the consultation; and

3.         specific information that is expected from the consultant.

 

A satisfactory consultation shall contain a written opinion by the consultant that reflects:

 

1.         patient’s name

2.         unit history number

3.         date of consultation

4.         examination of the patient

5.         review of the medical record

6.         written report of the:

a.         findings

b.         diagnosis

c.         recommendations

 

The report shall be dated and signed by the consultant on the designated form.

 

Each consultation shall be acknowledged in writing or by physician to physician contact within twenty-four hours from the time requested and documented in the record.  The consultation requested from a specific physician, by name, is to be answered by the individual member of the staff specified in the request or a designee from the medical staff.

When an operative procedure is involved, the consultation report shall be recorded prior to the operation, except in an emergency.

 

Should the findings, diagnosis, and recommendations be recorded on a special form (i.e. therapy, bronchoscopy, etc.), reference would be made to the special report on which the information is recorded.

 

The requests and reports are to be written on the designated form (Form 5400), shall become a permanent part of the medical record, and shall remain with the medical record at all times.

 

REPORTS OF PROCEDURES, TESTS, AND THE RESULTS

All diagnostic therapeutic procedures must be recorded and authenticated in the medical record.

It is important to acknowledge abnormal values or findings in the record and to document plans for follow-up, or rationale for not following up.  Reports of pathology and clinical laboratory examinations, radiology, and nuclear medicine examinations or treatment, anesthesia records, and any other diagnostic or therapeutic procedures should be completed promptly and filed in the medical record within 24 hours of completion, if possible.  When laboratory results are obtained verbally or through information systems, that information should be documented in the progress note.

 

PRE AND POST ANESTHESIA NOTES

The pre-anesthesia note should be recorded prior to the patient’s transfer to the operating area and before preoperative medication have been administered.

 

In certain emergency cases, such a gross hemorrhage or in obstetrics where delivery is imminent when the patient arrives, the note may be deferred.  In cases of this type, the pre-anesthesia note may be included as part of a note to be written immediately after the emergency is over.

 

The anesthesia record should be signed by the responsible physician.

 

A visit should be documented early in the postoperative period and once after complete recovery.  A postanesthetic visit should be made after the patient has left the postanestheisa care unit or other recovery area and describe the presence or absence of anesthesia-related complications.  Each evaluation shall be dated and timed.

 

When the post-anesthetic visit and record entry by anesthesia personnel is not feasible because of early patient release from the hospital, the physician who discharges the patient from the hospital should be responsible for meeting the requirements.

 

OPERATIVE REPORTS

A preoperative diagnosis must be recorded and authenticated by the individual who is responsible for the patient prior to surgery.

 

An operative note must be written and dictated immediately after surgery and should include the items listed below.  The report is signed by the appropriate physician(s).  (See attached example of form in the back of this section). 

 

1.                  preoperative diagnosis;

2.                  postoperative diagnosis;

3.                  name of procedure;

4.                  description of findings;

5.                  technical procedure used;

6.                  specimens removed;

7.                  name of primary surgeon and any assistants; and

8.                  condition of patient after surgery.

 

In handwritten notes and dictated reports, describe difficulties and complications as well as, appropriate action taken.

 

DISCHARGE SUMMARY

A discharge summary is required on patients discharged from the hospital and should be written , typed or dictated at the time of discharge.

 

The Discharge Summary must contain:

 

1.         Name, UH#, date of admission, date of discharge, and attending physician;

2.         chief complaint or reason(s) for admission;

3.         significant history and physical findings;

4.         pertinent laboratory and x-ray findings;

5.         treatment rendered;

6.         principal and additional or associated diagnoses (indicate principal);

7.         surgical procedures; and

8.         disposition- include specific instructions given to the patient and/or family, as pertinent (including instructions relating to physical activity, medication, diet, and follow-up care);

9.                  prognosis.

 

When a necropsy is performed, provisional anatomical diagnoses should be recorded in the medical record within three days, and the complete protocol should be made part of the record within 60 calendar days.

 

The physician should read, approve, and sign the discharge summary as soon as it is ready for  review.  If dictated/typed  by a resident, it may be signed by the resident.  The discharge summary is always authenticated by the attending physician.

 

Dictated/typed discharge summaries are not required on the following patients or in the following situations:

 

1.                  Normal obstetric deliveries, including uncomplicated cesarean sections;

2.                  normal newborns;

3.                  normal gynecology, which includes

a.                   bilateral tubal ligation

b.                  laparoscopic procedures

c.                   conizations

d.                  dilation and curettage procedures;

4.                  chemotherapy;

5.                  *or other cases of a minor nature requiring less than a 48 hour period of hospitalization (e.g. Observation stays, Day Surgeries).

 

The final discharge note or discharging progress note may be used in lieu of a dictated or typed discharge summary in some cases.  (See related sections of this handbook).  Patients admitted to the Clinical Research Center require a handwritten, typed, or dictated discharge summary.  *Some clinical departments require a discharge summary on all patients.  Check with chief resident.

 

Discharge Summaries may be completed online through ClinWeb.  If a summary is completed online it should not also be dictated.  The summary will print to the Health Information Management Department and be delivered to the attending physician for signature.

 

EMERGENCY ROOM RECORD

An Emergency Department record should be completed for all patients who receive care in this setting.  The appropriate forms are incorporated into the patient’s permanent hospital record and made available through the Emergency Department.   

 

OBSERVATION RECORD

Observation is an outpatient status, primarily intended for short-term diagnostic testing and monitoring which are reasonable and necessary to evaluate a patient's condition in order to determine the need for admission to the hospital. 

 

Observation status is appropriate for:

 

1.         Patient's whose presenting symptoms are serious or questionable and require testing and/or evaluation to determine their medical condition and to determine whether they should be admitted.

2.         Patients who may meet inpatient admission criteria, but are expected to stay less than 23 hours.

3.         Patients with diagnosis that are expected to respond quickly to therapeutic interventions, thus preventing unnecessary admission (e.g., unstable angina, cardioversions, and asthmatics).

4.         Post-operative ambulatory surgical cases when the patient requires care beyond that usually found in the standard of practice for the procedures.

 

Observation should not be used for:

 

1.         Patient holding because of social factors.

2.         Patient or physician convenience for testing or examination.

3.         Routine preparation for and recovery from diagnostic testing.

4.         Substitute for appropriate inpatient admission.

5.         Routine outpatient blood administration.

Content of observation records include:

 

1.         Physician's order to assign to observation status;

2.         Chief complaint;

3.         Presenting symptoms;

4.         Duration of symptoms;

5.         Lab results, if available;

6.         History and physical examination;

7.         Treatment plan (proposed intervention) and

8.         Ongoing documentation in Progress Notes, including interim evaluation of intervention (at least every six hours)

9.         Discharge progress note including final diagnosis, medications and follow-up care.

 

DAY SURGERY UNIT RECORD (Also applies to Same Day Admits)

The following documentation is required on all Day Surgery patient records.

 

1.         a signed informed consent;

2.         complete history and physical examination;

3.         discharge progress note including final diagnosis, medications, and follow-up care;

4.         dictated operative report; and

5.         lab, x-ray, path report, and other tests performed, if appropriate.

 

OUTPATIENT CLINIC NOTE

Medical record information is created for each patient receiving outpatient services and is immediately incorporated into the patient’s permanent hospital record.

 

Outpatient clinic notes may include:

 

1.         Patient identification;

2.         relevant history of the illness or injury and physical findings including vital signs;

3.         diagnostic and therapeutic orders;

4.         clinical observations including results of treatment;

5.         reports of procedures, tests, and results;

6.         diagnosis;

7.         patient disposition and any pertinent instructions given to the patient and/or family for follow-up care;

8.         immunization record;

9.         allergy history;

10.       growth chart for pediatric patients;

11.       referral information to and from outside agencies; and

12.       signature of physician or appropriate health care provider.

 

A summary list of significant surgical procedures, diagnoses, problems, medications recently and currently used, and allergies/drug reactions must be documented and updated at the time of each clinic visit.

 

Letters to referring physicians may be dictated by calling X70000.

 

The Family Medicine Department and the Community Based Clinics use the Practice Partner Electronic Medical Record to document outpatient care.

 

ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION

Live donor and organ recipient: The medical record of both the live donor and the organ recipient shall fulfill the requirements for any surgical inpatient record.

Deceased donor: The donor record shall include the following:

 

1.                  The donor’s name and unit history number where applicable or other means for identification.

2.                  Date and time for determination of legal death as defined in Texas Health and Safety Code §671.001 - .002.

3.                  Identification of and documentation by the licensed primary physician who pronounced legal death, who, thereafter, shall not participate in organ recovery and/or transplantation of donor organs or parts.

4.                  When the basis for the authorization is from a legally recognized donor, a copy of the donation document serves as the consent form.  If the donor status is unclear or the decedent is deemed unsuitable and the family/next-of-kin objects, the Consent for Organ/Tissue Donation form is completed, indicating that the family does not wish to donate.  A copy of the decedent’s donation document or the original completed Consent for Organ/Tissue Donation will be filed in the decedent’s medical record.

5.                  For all Medical Examiner cases, there must be documentation in the progress notes stating that permission from the Medical Examiner for organ donation was obtained. 

6.                  The physician performing the organ recovery procedure shall document a detailed note including the description of the technique used to remove and prepare or preserve the donated organs, and noting especially the abnormal or other appropriate findings in the event a postmortem autopsy is required (Chapter 671, Section 671.001, Texas Health and Safety Code).

 

See policies 9.15.2, 9.15.3 and 9.15.9 for additional information.

 

CHARTING DO’S

 

DO      Write legibly.  Physician’s signatures must be legible and will include first name or initial, last name, and M.D.; initials alone will not be acceptable.  Write your Dictation/Doctor number after signature on Procedure Notes to insure proper credit for doing procedures.  Alternatively, initials may be used only of they are accompanied by a rubber stamp, or printed/typewritten full name, as defined above (See Policy 9.2.15).

 

DO      Correctly document retroactive entries.  If a correction is made at a later time, the entry must reflect the date and time of documentation, the correct information entered, and the reason for the corrected entry noted and initialed.  If any entry is made retrospectively to the time of the event, it must reflect the date and time of documentation, note the reason for the last entry, and be signed with a full signature.

DO      Date and time all entries.

 

DO      Document your doctor number after every signature in the record.

 

DO      Be complete, relevant, objective and informative, but concise.

 

DO      Document missed appointments and any other factual instances of non-compliance by the patient.

 

DO      Acknowledge abnormal or pending lab results and plan of action.

 

DO      Give a specific date when stating that follow-up will be provided in the future.

 

DO      Document all contacts with the patient.  Include all telephone calls and services rendered.  Document all prescription refills.

 

DO      Document the complete date (day, month, and year) on each medical record entry.

 

DO      Sign each entry with your name and credentials/title/position.

 

DO      Use black ink.  It is best for copying, microfilming and imaging purposes.

 

DO      Chart all information immediately (delays lead to inaccuracies).

 

DO      Correct any error or mistake in charting by drawing a single line through the

incorrect portion; note:  “disregard above"; and initial and date the correction.

 

DO      Record an emergency contact mechanism for patient and next of kin.

 

DO      Describe clearly in each chart entry:

                        -           Mode of contact (i.e., telephone call, visit, etc.)

                        -           Reason for contact

                        -           Procedures done or information/advice given

                        -           Outcome of contact

                        -           Plan for future care/follow-up

 

DO      Document direct statements from the patient.  Write them out and place in quotes.

 

DO      Fill in every blank.  Record negatives as well as positives.

 

DO      Use only standard abbreviations (See UTMB approved abbreviations in the back of this book).

 

DO      Note the date for referral or return visits.

 

DO      Chart thought processes during the decision-making.  This takes care of the “Why” questions that patients and possibly plaintiffs ask.

 

DO      Read nurses’ notes.  Make sure they don’t contain incorrect information or something not called to your attention. 

 

DO      Proof read verbal and telephone orders before signing them.

 

DO      Review, initial, and date all lab and radiology reports.

 

CHARTING DON’TS

 

DON’T            Use liquid paper, white out, scribble over, cut off, or in any other way obliterate a chart entry which has been made.

 

DON’T            Document that the patient is receiving “supportive care” or “is to receive no treatment and is to be kept comfortable until death.”  Instead, document the patient’s conditions (i.e. seizures, comatose, etc.) and discharge planning procedures.

 

DON’T            Document that you don’t believe that the patient should be in the hospital.

 

DON’T            Document feelings about financial reimbursements or that the patient is being discharged because of federal requirements.

 

DON’T            Document statements such as “Patient awaiting weather change for discharge, or “Patient to be discharged tomorrow because he doesn’t have a ride.”

 

DON’T            Chart subjective comments about the patient, i.e., “Patient is crazy;” DO quote the patient’s words, “I’m Napoleon Bonaparte,” which will describe the behavior instead.  Try to avoid adjectives and judgmental statements.

 

DON’T            Chart names without describing their function in relation to the patient’s care.  Do chart “Referred to Bob Jones, M.D. of UTMB for allergy testing.”  NOT “Referred to Bob Jones.”

 

DON’T            Use the medical record to malign colleagues or other care providers.

 

DON’T            Make any changes to a medical record after being notified of a lawsuit.  Contact the Legal Affairs department if you need to make changes to the medical record.