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Core Concepts

Adolescent Medicine

Contents
  • Overview
  • Adolescent Medicine
  • Puberty
  • Maturity
  • Growth
  • Psychosocial Development
  • Morbidity and Mortality
  • Consent and Confidentiality
  • Psychosocial Interview
  • Teen Health Supervision
  • Health Screening
  • Sports Physicals
  • Concussions
  • Male Sexual Development
  • Female Sexual Development
  • Birth Control
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections
  • Substance Use
  • Anorexia
  • Bulimia
  • Resources
  • Previous
  • 15 of 20
  • Next
  • Overview
  • Adolescent Medicine
  • Puberty
  • Maturity
  • Growth
  • Psychosocial Development
  • Morbidity and Mortality
  • Consent and Confidentiality
  • Psychosocial Interview
  • Teen Health Supervision
  • Health Screening
  • Sports Physicals
  • Concussions
  • Male Sexual Development
  • Female Sexual Development
  • Birth Control
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections
  • Substance Use
  • Anorexia
  • Bulimia
  • Resources
Score: 0 of 21

True or False


Value: 1
The most common substances used by teens are alcohol, marijuana and cocaine.

# 1 / 3

 

Ture or False?


Value: 1
Girls with pelvic inflammatory disease always have chlamydia or gonorrhea.

# 1 / 3

 

True or False


Value: 1
Approximately one in three normal boys will have pubertal gynecomastia (breast enlargement during puberty.

# 1 / 3

 

True or False


Value: 1
Teenagers have received all of the immunizations they need during the routine childhood schedule.

# 1 / 3

 

True or False?


Value: 1
Adolescence can be divided into three periods - early, middle, and late.

# 1 / 3

 

True or False


Value: 1
Puberty is the transition from childhood to adulthood.

# 1 / 3

 

True or False?


Value: 1
A boy who has not yet developed pubic hair and does not have any increase in testicular size is Tanner 0

# 1 / 3

 

Previous

Sexuality and Reproductive Health

Birth Control

Seventy percent of adolescents have engaged in intercourse by age 19. In general, contraceptives controlled by the individual (e.g., oral contraceptives, condoms) have higher failure rates among teens because of incorrect or sporadic use. Of options readily available for teens, only abstinence is 100% effective!

Hormonal contraceptives

Hormonal agents may benefit dysmenorrhea and decrease menstrual flow. Unwelcome effects include nausea, bloating, and edema. Major complications are rare but include thromboembolism, cerebral vascular accident, pulmonary embolism, and cholestatic jaundice. Progestin only methods may lead to symptoms of estrogen deficiency such as depression, hot flashes, acne, and atrophic vaginitis. These are similar to menopausal symptoms.

Caution: concurrent use of certain medications may reduce the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives. Antacids, cholesterol binding agents and some antibiotics decrease intestinal absorption of contraceptive hormones. Anticonvulsants, sedatives and some antibiotics may increase the hepatic metabolism of the hormones leading to low serum levels.

Oral contraceptive pills usually contain both estrogen and a progestin although the "minipill" is progestin only. The major drawback to the pill is that it must be taken daily.

The patch (OrthoEvra) and the vaginal ring (NuvaRing) release both estrogen and progestin. They avoid the first pass metabolism through the liver which occurs with oral agents. The patch requires weekly placement while the ring is replaced monthly.

Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-provera) requires an intramuscular injection every twelve weeks. It causes irregular bleeding which progresses to amenorrhea in many women. Prolonged use of Depo-provera has been associated with reduced bone density.

Barrier Contraceptives

One of the advantages of barrier contraceptives, such as condoms, is that they provide some protection from sexually transmitted infections. The disadvantage is that the methods must be used in relation to coitus unlike hormonal methods which are administered unrelated to the actual act.

Male condoms

Female condoms

Diaphragm

Cervical cap

Sponge

Intrauterine devices (IUD)

Quick Check: Adolescence

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Core Concepts

Adolescent Medicine

Score: 0 of 21

Contents

  • Overview
  • Adolescent Medicine
  • Puberty
  • Maturity
  • Growth
  • Psychosocial Development
  • Morbidity and Mortality
  • Consent and Confidentiality
  • Psychosocial Interview
  • Teen Health Supervision
  • Health Screening
  • Sports Physicals
  • Concussions
  • Male Sexual Development
  • Female Sexual Development
  • Birth Control
    • Sexuality and Reproductive Health
    • Birth Control
    • Quick Check: Adolescence
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections
  • Substance Use
  • Anorexia
  • Bulimia
  • Resources

CHAPTER INFO

Chapter Table of Contents (TOC)

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BOOK INFO

Index of Core Concept Chapters 

About Core Concepts

Content ©2025. All Rights Reserved.
Date last modified: August 12, 2020.

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Content ©2025. All Rights Reserved.
Date last modified: August 12, 2020.

Created with SoftChalk

print all