Overview:
Breast cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells in the breast grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor that can be non-cancerous or cancerous. It can develop in different parts of the breast, such as the ducts or lobules, and may spread to nearby tissues or other areas of the body.
Common Symptoms:
- Breast lump
- Breast pain or skin changes
- Pelvic pain or bloating
- Changes in menstrual cycle
- No symptoms in early stages
Signs of Inherited Risk:
Most breast cancers happen without a clear inherited cause. However, some people have genetic changes that increase their risk for breast or ovarian cancer. You may have a higher inherited risk if you or a family member has had:
- Breast cancer diagnosed at a younger age (≤ 50 years of age)
- Two separate breast cancers (ex. Bilateral breast cancer)
- Triple negative breast Cancer
- Metastatic breast cancer
- Male breast cancer
- Three relatives on one side with breast and/or prostate cancer
- Breast and ovarian cancer
- Breast and pancreatic cancer
- Lobular breast cancer and stomach cancer
Treatments & Procedures:
Cancer treatment is personalized based on the type and stage of cancer. Your care plan may include one or more of the following:
Medical Therapies
These treatments use medications to treat cancer throughout the body. They may be given by infusion or taken as pills.
- Chemotherapy – Uses powerful drugs to destroy cancer cells.
- Immunotherapy – Helps your immune system find and fight cancer.
- Targeted therapy – Blocks specific changes in cancer cells to stop their growth.
- Hormonal therapy – Lowers or blocks hormones that fuel certain breast cancers.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams to target and destroy cancer cells. New techniques allow some patients to complete treatment in as little as one week.
- Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) – Delivers high-dose radiation with extreme precision in fewer sessions.
- Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) – Shapes radiation doses to protect nearby healthy tissue.
- Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) – An advanced form of IMRT that improves speed and accuracy.
- Image-Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) – Uses real-time imaging to ensure precise treatment delivery.
Genetic Risk & Prevention
For people with inherited risk factors, genetic services can help guide both prevention and treatment decisions. Genetic testing may show if you or your family members have a higher risk for certain cancers, including breast cancer.
- Enhanced cancer screening – Earlier or more frequent screening, such as mammograms or breast MRIs, to help detect cancer as early as possible.
- Risk-reducing surgery – Procedures such as mastectomy or removal of breast tissue that can lower cancer risk in high-risk individuals.
- Targeted therapy based on genetic results – Treatment options guided by your genetic results, including medicines like PARP inhibitors for certain inherited gene changes, such as BRCA mutations.
- Additional cancer risk management – Screening or prevention strategies for other cancers linked to inherited gene changes.