Publication of the Week - 07/31/2025

Title

The Expanding Scope of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Six Uses Beyond Diabetes

Authors

Kyle Sheth, Stephanie Kim, Laura Porterfield, Salim S. Virani, Shikha Wadhwani, Elizabeth M. Vaughan

Journal

Current Atherosclerosis Reports

Background

Purpose of Review
This review summarizes recent advances in the clinical applications of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) beyond their established role in glycemic control for type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Recent Findings
Originally developed for glycemic control in T2DM, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are now being utilized for a range of additional diseases and conditions. Strong evidence supports their efficacy in inducing clinically meaningful weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity. Further studies have demonstrated cardiovascular benefits, kidney-protective effects, and therapeutic potential in obesity-related conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic- associated steatotic liver disease. Emerging data also suggest possible roles in treating substance use disorders, including alcohol and nicotine dependence, though findings remain preliminary and variable. Despite these promising developments, GLP-1RAs are associated with side effects and high costs, contributing to variability in patient access.

Summary
The therapeutic scope of GL.P-1 receptor agonists extends beyond diabetes to multiple other conditions. Broader adoption requires careful evaluation of safety, cost, and evidence for less-established indications.